<Hinman’s Antiquities

Committee to make laws for the Pequot Indians,
January 24, 1675.

At a Court of Election held at Hartford May 13th, 1675.—This Court having considered Robin Cassacinamons petition, doe nominate, appoynte and impower the Dcpt. Governor Maj'r Talcott, and the rest of the assist's here to be a committee in the name of this Court, to draw up a commission for Robin and Herman Garrata for the governing of the Pequot Indians, and to appoynt them some under officers, and to give them some order w'th some penalties annexed for prevention of their haveing or worshiping any falls Gods, profanation of the Sabboth, for not attending the Lectures of Mr. Fitch amongst them according to his appoyntment, for theft and drunkenness &c., and to impower him in case of difficulty, to repayre to Mr. Thomas Stanton and Lieut. Avery for counsell, advice and assistance, as the difficulty shall require, and to order Robin some small allowance for his government to be raysed upon his people.

WHEREAS in answer to Robbin Casacinnamons petition presented to the Generall Court of Conecticott 13th last, an order and appoyntrnent was by the sayd Court made and recorded to desire and authorize the Dept. Governor, Maj'r John Talcott, with such other of the assistants as could attend, to draw up some lawes and orders for the present well governing of the Pequitt Indians, that were captives to the English Colonyes in generall, and were by their commissioners put under the Government of this Colony, to be both ruled and accomodated by them suitably, these ensueing orders and lawes, (were by those appoynted) made and sent unto them, viz :

1st. That for as much as the sayd Robbin Causacinnamun hath appeared to be faythfull in his trust under the com'rs, and hitherto under this Goverment: It is agayne ordered and appoynted that he be still continued in the place of Chiefe, Deputy or principle officer amongst and over all those Indians, who had beene put under him formerly, and that Daniel shall be his second or chiefe counsellor, to assist him in well governing of them.

In like maner shall Herman Garrata be principall officer over those so put under him, and Momohow shall be his second or chief counsellor, and their lawfull commands are duely to be obeyed and observed by all the Indians respectively.— And for their encouragement and support in their faythfull discharge of that duty and trust; each Indian man, above sixteen years of age, shall yearly pay unto the principall officer to which he belongs the sum of five shillings in currant Indian pay; but Daniel shall have a third part of Robbins rate, and Momohow, such part of Harmon Garrattas rate.

2, That there shall be two constables in each respective place or Township of Indians, where the principle officer dwells, and there to be the place of all the Indians setled residence and habitation, unless for some time about their necessary occasions for fishing, planting or hunting, they may be absent and remove their wigwams in the proper season for those occasions: and then return again to dwell in the Town to which they doe belong; such constables are to be chosen by the principall officer and his councill, (consisting of three or fowre of the most sober and discreet men of the Towne, chosen with the approbation of those appoynted by the Court to counsell them,) and being so chosen, a stafe shall be delivered to him as the signe of his office and power, and to give notice to the people to obey and assist him in the execution of his office, whose office it is to attend all the lawfull commands of their respective principalls in prosecution of justice against debtors or delinquents, by disorder or miscarriage, so allso he is to attend the commands or warrants from any of o'r English Magistrates; he is like-wise required and impowered of himselfe to keep the peace and good order, and prevent the contrary in all cases and. upon all occasions, so farr as it comes to his knowledge, or can find out.

Laws for the said Indians to observe.

1. That whosoever shall oppose or speake against the onely liveing and true God, the creator and ruler of all things, shall be brought to some English Court to be punished as the nature of the offence may require.

2. That whosoever shall powaw or use witchcraft or any worship to the Devill, or any falls God, shall be so convicted and punished.

3. That whosoever shall profane the holy Sabbath clay by servill work or play, such as chopping or fetching home of wood, fishing, fowling, hunting &c., shall pay as a fine tenn shillings, halfe to the cheife officers, and the other halfe to the constable and informer, or be sharply whipt for every such offence.

4. Whosoever shall committ murder or manslaughter, shall be brought to Hartford goale, and be tryed by the Government according to the English Law, which punisheth by death.

5. Whosoever shall committ adultery by lying with another mans wife, or to have or keep her from her husband, shall be imprisoned and tryed and punished with a fyne of forty shillings for every offence, and so in the case of the adultresse; the sayd fine to be distributed as before.

6. Whosoever shall steale, shall restore double to his neighboure for what he hath taken, when convict before their officer and councill, and pay the constable two shilling sixpence for his paynes about executing the law,

7. Whosoever shall appeare, and prove to be drunk amongst them, shall pay tenn shillings or be whipt as the officers shall see rneete, and the fine divided as before in the law about Sabbath breaking ; in like manner shall it be done to such Indians as doe bring the liquors or strong drinke amongst them.

8. It is ordered that a ready and comely at-tendance be given to heare the word of God preached by Mr. Fitch, or any other minister sent amongst them. The cheife officers and constables are to gather the people as they may, and if they be refractory and refuse, or doe misbehave themselves undecently, such shall be punished with a fine of five shillings, or be corporally punished as the officers shall see most meet.

9. If the officers shall neglect in any of the premises to doe their duty, they shall receive double punishment, when convict thereof in any of our English Courts.

10. But whosoever shall either affront the principall officer, or refuse to assist the constable in the due execution of his office, shall pay for each affront so given, ten shillings, and for such refusall to assist the constable, five shillings.

Mr, Thomas Stanton Sen'r, and Lieutenant James Avery, were appoynted and desired to give them advice and help in all cases of difficulty, for the well management of their trust and affayres, to whome they are in all such cases to repayre.

WM. LEET, Dept. Governor,

SAMUEL WILLYS, Assist.

JOHN TALCOTT, Assist.

JOHN ALLYN, Assist.

JAMES RICHARDS, Assist.

Dated in Hartford, May 31, 1675.

To Hermon Garrata to cause to be published to the people of his plantation, and the rest under his Goverment.

The tenn articles were faythfully published to Robin Harmaysun, Monohor, the Naragansett Sunk Squaw* and her councill being present, at a great concourse amongst the Pequitts,the forepart which respects Robins own interest was served and desired by Robin not to be published as yet.

pr. JOHN STANTON.

Capt. Avery, and Lieutenant Minor being present as witnesseth their hands.

JAMES AVERY,

THO. MINOR.


The 24th January, 1675.*

* A Queen or Lady of distinction.

*1676, according to the present mode of dating.